Fleet, Market, and CO2 Emissions of Passenger Cars and Vans
12.27
From 2014 to 2017
The EC has been monitoring the sales and CO2 emissions of M1 and N1 vehicles as part of its CO2 target policy for almost a decade. Currently, emissions from HDV (buses and trucks, classes M3 and N3) are the focus of legislative developments to improve market transparency and ultimately reduce CO2 emissions.
However, the M2 and N2 vehicle classes remain outside the scope of the legislation. The Climate Directorate (DG CLIMA) of the European Commission asked TML to produce a market overview for these vehicles, focusing on market shares, manufacturers present in this market, vehicle characteristics, their use, estimated contribution to CO2 emissions, and relevant legislation around vehicle classes.
The main conclusions are as follows:
However, the M2 and N2 vehicle classes remain outside the scope of the legislation. The Climate Directorate (DG CLIMA) of the European Commission asked TML to produce a market overview for these vehicles, focusing on market shares, manufacturers present in this market, vehicle characteristics, their use, estimated contribution to CO2 emissions, and relevant legislation around vehicle classes.
The main conclusions are as follows:
- Data availability is very limited, especially with regard to detailed vehicle characteristics.
- The share of M2 and N2 vehicles in the total fleet is relatively small.
- There is no correlation between the share of M2 and N2 vehicles in the existing fleet and their share in new vehicle sales.
- Although the main manufacturers could be identified in the different member states, there was no clear correlation with the relative market share in these countries or the specific gross vehicle weight (GVW) class of these vehicles.
- Diesel is the most commonly used fuel for new N2 vehicles (more than 90% market share), but the share decreases with the vehicles' GVW. Engine capacity tends to increase along with GVW.
- There is a downward trend in the fuel consumption of M2 and N2 vehicles (-4.5% per year between 2009 and 2014).
- N2 vehicles emit about 8.5 - 10.5% CO2 of total road freight transport, while M2 vehicles' emissions are 7.4 - 12.6% of total HDV emissions in passenger transport (buses and coaches).
- There is a significant difference in emission share between countries.
